Global Water Security and Sustainable Development -Zannatul Mouwa Naz

Globally, water resources face the greatest pressure to meet the rapidly growing demand. Although most countries have made significant progress in providing safe supplies, there are still hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The Progress at that rate per year in the use of standard sanitation at present; that is, if the SDGs are to be achieved by 2030, the pace of progress needs to be doubled.
To meet the growing demand for water globally, we need to ensure its efficient use and management. And if this is not done, it will become a threat to water security. As well as due to the impact of climate change. The risk of frequent droughts in the coming days will also be difficult to deal with. The country is lagging behind the 2030 target in water resources management and to reach the 2030 milestone. There is a need to implement various measures at the level.
Since 2000, progress has been made in the expansion of safe drinking water supply services around the world. At that time, 81 percent of the people had access to safe drinking water. In 2015, it increased to 61 percent and that was the picture of progress by 2016. In addition, another 19 percent of the global population has a minimum diet on water facilities are covered. Even then, about 65 million people still have access to basic drinking water.

The progress has also been made in the use of safe sanitation systems. The proportion of the population was 26 percent. In 2015 it increased to 43 percent and in 2016 to 45 percent. The best progress has been made in Latin America and the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia.
In the countries, between 2000 and 2016, the number of people without access to basic sanitation fell from 44 percent, got 27 percent. Even then, according to 2017 estimates, there are still about 801 million people worldwide (801million) defecates in the open.
The proportion of people receiving benefits (washing hands with soap and water) was 80 percent. However, this rate was only in the least developed countries36 percent. According to estimates, about 300 crore (three billion) people in the world still do not have access to minimum hand washing. As of 2016, one-third of the world’s primary schools at that time had minimum drinking water, sanitation and private.

There was no cleaning (hygiene) facility. This situation has a negative impact on the educational activities of millions of students. Female students in particular face more difficulties in their monthly management. And one-fourth of the world Healthcare activities are outside the minimum water supply facility, affecting more than 200 crore (two billion)On people. One-third of the world’s countries face moderate or high-water levels. Countries facing high water levels, almost all of them are located in North Africa, West or Central Asia and South Asia. High-level problems mean, at some point in the year, these countries face serious difficulties in supplying potable water.
Data collection of the 182 countries, 60 percent have integrated water resources management facilities of moderate quality or somewhat good quality. However, at the level at which countries are advancing in water resources management, 80 percent of the countries have achieved the 2030 target will not be able. Mutual cooperation in the management of all the trans-boundary river basins of the world is needed to ensure proper management of water resources. Strong action is needed to ensure. According to 2016 and 2017 accounts, 153 countries of the world jointly are cross-borders.

Analyzing the data of 7 countries, it is known that 59 countries have their own internal borders. Managing management activities properly. And only 16 countries reported that border management at the border was satisfactory.In South Asia, as in other parts of the world, ensuring water and sanitation facilities for all is a universal human right considered as. Efforts are also being made to make these facilities easily available. At the same time countries to ensure that service.It is not just a matter of providing services, it is also a matter of service as there are many issues involved. Other water issues also need to be addressed through efficient management.
These include maintaining water quality and wastewater management, water security and efficient use, water resources management and protection and restoration of water-related ecosystems. Ensure the availability of sustainably safe drinking water and minimal sanitation facilities. Doing so has been gaining importance in South Asian development activities for decades. However, access to water and sustainable development facilities. In this case, inconsistencies still exist in the region. Besides, such inconsistencies also exist in different countries and demographics.
The amount of assistance provided by international development partners in the field of water resources management is steadily increasing. In 2016, it was increased to 900 crore (9 billion) US dollars. But in 2016, the amount of this assistance was earlier. It is two percent less than the year before. However, the promise of development assistance in the water resources sector from 2017 to 2018 increased by 36 percent. This means that donors have redefined their vision of the water sector.
Information technology-enabled smart technology will play a vital role in bringing about effective development in all aspects of water resources and sustainable development. Earth observation, civic science and personal data can play an important role in water resources management. Meeting the growing demand for water, the tendency of droughts and floods may be increased due to climate change and water. Efficient management and use of water resources is very important to deal with potential security risks. In this case, some steps mentioned below can be emphasized:
(1) Necessary policy to reduce waste discharge to zero in all rivers of the country. To take and take steps to protect water resources by highlighting the importance of water in government plans and projects;
(2) Among the countries concerned in adopting various policies on mutual cooperation in the use of water from trans-boundary rivers. It is advisable to have an ocean-centered attitude, as well as to be extremely committed to harnessing the potential of trans-boundary river water resources.
(3) They need to increase the capacity of farmers to introduce efficient irrigation system. Provide training donations and work with marginalized communities to ensure safe drinking water for all.
(4) More in determining the value of water. Specific methods need to be adopted, so that the knowledge required for adopting various water plans at the central level can help with advice and multidimensional water quality to ensure local government involvement in the policy-making process.
(5) To impose controls on the determination of certain limits for groundwater abstraction will. In this case, the amount of water extracted each year maintains the balance of the water level and the water storage in the ground is maintained. Everyone should be encouraged to set a standard. As well as in cross-border basin management needs to organize consultative meetings;
(6) Water distribution using methods adopted through inter-sectoral consultation in order to balance the system, an integrated structure. As well as in the distribution system adopted. Ideal methods need to be communicated through appropriate means, so that the issue is necessary for more efficient water management. It helps in improving the quality of the plan and adopting strategies accordingly.

Zannatul Mouwa Naz, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University Trishal, Mymensingh, Bangladesh